FDM – Fused Deposition Modelling

FDM is a popular and cost-effective 3D printing method that involves melting a thermoplastic filament and extruding it layer by layer to create a 3D object. FDM is widely used due to its simplicity, low cost, and versatility - suitable for functional prototypes, jigs, and low-cost parts.

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FDM 3D Printing Materials

Material

Features

Applications

ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene)

Tough and durable


Heat and impact resistant


Requires a heated bed to print


Requires ventilation

Functional prototypes

PLA (Polylactic Acid)

The easiest FDM materials to print


Rigid, strong, but brittle


Less resistant to heat and chemicals


Biodegradable


Odorless

Concept models


Looks-like prototypes

PETG (polyethylene terephthalate glycol)

Compatible with lower printing temperatures for faster production


Humidity and chemical resistant

High transparency


Can be food safe

Waterproof applications


Snap-fit components

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FDM Infill Options

Low Density (<20% Infill)

Provides a lightweight structure, ideal for non-load bearing prototypes and models. This is the least expensive infill option.

Medium Density (20%-50% Infill)

Balances strength and material use, suitable for functional parts requiring moderate durability.

High Density (50%-90% Infill)

Delivers great strength and rigidity for parts subject to high stress or heavy loads.

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FDM Layer Thickness Options

Layer height refers to the thickness of each individual layer in a 3D print. Thinner layers produce smoother, more detailed prints but take longer. Thicker layers print faster but result in a rougher surface with less detail. Choosing the right layer height depends on the part’s required balance between quality and production time.

Rapid – 300 µm

Optimized for fast printing, perfect for large parts or early-stage prototypes where speed is critical.

Standard – 200 µm

Balanced between detail and speed, ideal for most functional prototypes and models.

Fine – 100 µm

For high-resolution prints with excellent surface finish and intricate details.

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Available Surface Finishes

As Printed Finish

This is the raw finish right off the printer, with visible layer lines. It's ideal for prototypes and functional parts where aesthetics is not a priority. Supports are removed.

Epoxy Coating

A layer of epoxy is applied to smooth and strengthen the print. This provides a glossy, durable finish and is great for parts that need to be waterproof or stronger.

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